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Larvicidal Activities of Biosynthesized Zinc and Nickel Nanoparticles using Allium sativum (Garlic) oil on Anopheles spp Larvae Yobe State, Nigeria

Alkali Alhassan, Kennedy Poloma Yoriyo

Abstract


Emergence of insecticide resistance and their harmful effects on non-target organisms and environment has necessitated an urgent search for development of new and improved mosquito control methods that are effective and safe for non-target organisms and the environment. The present study aims to assess the larvicidal activities of biosynthesized zinc and Nickel Nanoparticles using Allium sativum (garlic) oil against the larvae of malaria Anopheles spp. The garlic oil extracted was used to synthesize the Zn and Ni nanoparticles from their corresponding salt. The characterization of synthesized Zn and Ni nanoparticles was carried out using UV-vis spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). To find out presence of compounds which are responsible for larvicidal activity, a GC-MS analysis was also performed. The UV-vis shows absorption maxima at wavelength of 320nm. FTIR spectroscopy carried out to identify the potential bio molecules in the synthesized Zn and Ni Nanoparticles. The spectra shows absorption bands at 3905, 3778, 3693, 3491,3348, 3133, 2946, 2863, 2807,2731,2567,2421, 1620, 1475, 1121, 993, 894, and 744cm-1. While GC-MS Spectrum of the synthesized Zn and Ni nanoparticles found approximately 33 active compounds recorded within 25 minutes of retention time. The Anopheles mosquito larvae (L3 and L4) were exposed to varying concentrations ranging from 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 100 mg/L of the synthesized nanoparticles for 24 h as per WHO protocols. From the results, it was observed that the mortality rate increases with increasing concentration of the synthesized nanoparticles with LC50 and LC95 values of 1.7 and 3.3mg/L respectively. By this approach, it may be suggestive that this rapid synthesis of nanoparticles would be proper for developing a biological method for mosquito control.


Keywords


Resistance, Larvicidal, Nanoparticles, FTIR spectroscopy, insecticide, zinc, and Nickel.

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References


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