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Comparative Study of the Nature of Slag in the Formulation of Concrete Pavers
Abstract
The steel mill generates about 8000 tons/year of slag by transforming scrap metal to produce more than 60000 tons/year of wire rod and steel reinforcing bars. These co-products are stored or used for backfill. With this almost inexhaustible slag deposit, Morocco has a valuable resource thanks to its high content of silicates, lime and metal oxides. This has led to the attempt to valorize it in the manufacture of paving stones. The tests were carried out with old SA and recent SR slag. After their physicochemical characterization, paving stones were made, using established formulations by substituting gravel by SA or SR slag. The cement to water volume ratio of the paving stones was optimized according to the performance of the paving stones by a statistical study. The study of the correlations between the parameters was carried out by the full factorial design and their analysis by the ANOVA. The results show that old slag is characterized by higher density, angularity, porosity, roughness, resistance to fragmentation and higher oxide composition than recent slag except for the elements iron and manganese. The statistical study showed that the nature of the old or recent slag and the W/C ratio have a significant influence on the quality of the paving stones. The best mechanical and durability properties of the paving stones were obtained for the old slag and a W/C ratio of 0.5.
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