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Synthesis of 2-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-5-(substituted)-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Microcrystals by Solvothermal Method and Assessment of in vitroAntibacterial with Docking and in vivo Larvicidal Efficiency with Comprehensive Toxicological Studies

Sushma Mallaiah, P. Shubha, s. Ananda, K. Byrappa, T. K. Mohan Kumar, M. P. Sadashiva, K. M. Lokanatha Rai, C. S. Vicas, S. Madankuma

Abstract


2,5-Disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds are among the most beneficial organic molecules of biological importance. In the current research, a new series of 2-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-5-(substituted)-1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds have been synthesized solvothermally from derivatives of2,3-dichloro-N'-(substituted)benzohydrazide and Chloramine-T as an oxidizing agent using autoclave with good yield. The obtained products are micro-sized (5µm–20µm) crystals confirmed through SEM. The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed through IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, mass Spectroscopy, Elementary analysis. Molecular docking study shows synthesized compounds interacts with Arginine28 of the Hu. DHFR. The antibacterial activity was assayed against noxious pathogens namely Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Compounds OXD1 and OXD3 showed excellent antibacterial activity. In vivo larvicidal efficacy was assayed against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus, OXD4 and OXD5 had good insecticidal activity with LC50 at lesser concentrations (11.2 to 23.6%). All the tested compounds showed negligible hemolytic cellular toxicity (less than 5%). Hence, the present study is of immense importance in developing newer pharmacological agents for different biological applications.


Keywords


solvothermal method, 1,3,4-oxadiazole,molecular docking, micro-crystal, hemolysis assay

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